smartctl

# smartctl -d ata  -a /dev/sda
# smartctl -d ata  -l error /dev/sda
smartctl version 5.36 [x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-6 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 2512 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
        CR = Command Register [HEX]
        FR = Features Register [HEX]
        SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
        SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
        CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
        CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
        DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
        DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
        ER = Error register [HEX]
        ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.

Error 2512 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 783 hours (32 days + 15 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 80 a0 44 91 ee  Error: UNC 128 sectors at LBA = 0x0e9144a0 = 244401312

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 80 a0 44 91 ee 00   1d+13:03:26.878  READ DMA
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:26.875  IDENTIFY DEVICE
  ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:26.875  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]

Error 2511 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 783 hours (32 days + 15 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  01 51 80 a0 44 91 ee  Error: AMNF 128 sectors at LBA = 0x0e9144a0 = 244401312

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 80 a0 44 91 ee 00   1d+13:03:22.338  READ DMA
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:22.335  IDENTIFY DEVICE
  ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:22.335  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]

Error 2510 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 783 hours (32 days + 15 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 80 a0 44 91 ee  Error: UNC 128 sectors at LBA = 0x0e9144a0 = 244401312

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 80 a0 44 91 ee 00   1d+13:03:19.452  READ DMA
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:19.449  IDENTIFY DEVICE
  ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:19.449  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]

Error 2509 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 783 hours (32 days + 15 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 80 a0 44 91 ee  Error: UNC 128 sectors at LBA = 0x0e9144a0 = 244401312

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 80 a0 44 91 ee 00   1d+13:03:16.566  READ DMA
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:16.563  IDENTIFY DEVICE
  ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:16.563  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]

Error 2508 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 783 hours (32 days + 15 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 80 a0 44 91 ee  Error: UNC 128 sectors at LBA = 0x0e9144a0 = 244401312

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  c8 00 80 a0 44 91 ee 00   1d+13:03:13.680  READ DMA
  ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:13.677  IDENTIFY DEVICE
  ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00   1d+13:03:13.677  SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]